Motor-starter.



PATENTED MAR.'27, 1906.

E. $OHATTNER.

MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20.1905.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I hwentor: Ernesbchattne Witnesses:

No. 816,383. I PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906. E. SGHATTNER.

MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses; /nvenZ3or": Y 7 ErnesbSchatCner;

UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE...

ERNEST SCHATTNER, OF SOHENEOTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF 'NEW' YORK.

MOTOR-STARTER.

N 0. 816,383.- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 27,1906,LApplication filed July 20,- 1905. Serial N0. 270,442.

To all whom, it may concern: Referring to the drawings, 1 is 'a starting55 Be it known that I, ERNEST SCHATTNER, a. resistance divided into anydesired number subject of the King of Great Britain, residing ofsections. I have shown but two sections at Schenectady, county ofSchenectady, State in the drawings, giving three ste s, which is 5 ofNew York, have invented certain new and sufficient for motors up toabouteen-hor'se useful 1m rovements in Motor-Starters, of power. Theresistanceds preferably so 511F160 which the ollowing is aspecification.I ranged that about eighty per cent. is shorthis invention relates todevices for con- 5 circuited after the motor starts, and then' trollingmotor-circuits, and has for its object when the motor'speeds upsufiiciently the the rovision of a device of this character other twentyper cent. is cutout. The numwhic is adapted for use with motors of largeber of starting steps, however, and the por- 6 5 as Wellas smallcapacity and is at the same tion of the resistance cut out at each stetime cheap, durable, and efficient. form no part of my invention andwill be va- At the present time the ty e of motorrled greatly fordiilerent classes of motors.

starting device in common use or small mo- A solenoid 2, having anarmature core 3, is

tors is the dial type of rheostat in which a mounted upon theinsulating-base 4. The 7 controlling-arm is moved over a series ofmagnets 5 and 6, having, respectively, pole-- studs which form theterminals of starting repieces 7 and 8, are mounted in a similarmansistance to gradually cut out said resistance. ner. The windings ofthe magnets 2, 5, and

This type of device 18 not well-adapted for 6 are in shunt to each otherand to the resistlarge work, and the common practice in conv ance 1.Pivoted at 9 is a lever 10, having at 75 nection with large motors is tohave a series its outer extremity an armature 11. Arm 10 ofsuccessively-operated switches arranged to is pivoted to core 3 by alink 12. Concentric cut out the resistance. In carrying out my with thelever 10 are two switch-levers 13 2 5 invention I provide a device ofthe latter and 14, loosely mounted upon the pivot 9.- type which is sosimple in construction and The lever 10 has a projecting portion- 15, 8o

EfilClGIlt in its action as to render its use dewhich extends partlvover the switch-arms,

sirable in connection with small motors as and a stop-pin 16 is providedon theflever 13 well. I provide a series of pivoted switchto be engagedby this projecting portion. The

arms which are held suspended when the cir- PIOJGCtlOD. 15 is providedwith a lug 17 for encuit is first closed through thestartingresistgaging the arm 14.. The spring 18 normally '8 5 nice, butwhich are successively released to retracts the lever 10, so as to holdthe switch- 1 cut out sections of the resistance as the counarms inraised position, as shown. Clips 19 ter electromotive force of the motorbuilds and 20 are mounted upon the base, so as to up. The switch-armsare mechanically susbe engaged by the arms 13 and 14, respecpended, andu on the closing of the circuit tively, when the latter are released andfall 0 the mechanica suspension is removed and by gravity. The arms-l3and 14 are prosuspension-magnets are energized to retain videdwithcurved armature portions 21 and the arms in a raised position. Asthe motor 22, which extend into proximity to the poles 4o speeds up thearms successively drop, and of the magnets 5 and 6. A no-voltagemagupon-failure. of voltage the armsare simulta-- net 23 is mounted uponthe base, so as to re- 5 'neously moved to their suspended osition. tainthe armature 11 when the lever 10-is yinvention consists in'certaineatures oi moved by the ,core 3 against the tension of construction andin t e arran emnt. of a the spring 18. A stop 24 limits the upwardcombination of elementshereina tersetforth, movement of the arm 13, andhence limits 5o view'of a rheostat' embodying the preferred lows: 25 and26 represent leads supplying.

and particularly pointed out in the'claims anthe movement of the lever10 in response to 1.00 iiexed toand orminga part of this applicathespring 18. Stop 24. is provided to limit tion. f J t em'ovement of thearm 14.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a plan T e arrangement of the circuit isas folform of In inventiong, Fig. 2 shows a simipower to a motor havingan armature 27 an lar view 0 a modifiedforrn and Fig. 3 shows eld. 28.The magnet 23 is preferably co a detail of the starting-brindle used onthe nected in series with the field. With the modified form. parts asshown in Fig. 1 when the motor-sir tor 28, to terminal 29, and thencethrough armature 27 and back to line. The fieldcircuit passes from lead25 to terminal 30, thence through conductor 31, magnet 23, conductor 32,and terminal 33 to field 28 and back to line. The current also passesfrom terminals 30 and 29 throughclips 20, conductor 36, andione of theclips 19 to the magnets 2. 5, and 6,-all of which are in shunt to eachother and they are also in shunt to the resistance 1, since they havethe same terminals.

at 29 and 30. The magnet 2 being energized when the control-switch w isclosed draws in its core 3, raising the lever 10 until the armature 11engages the poles of the magnet 23. This magnet 23 being energizedthrough the field-circuit retains the lever 10 in raised positionagainst the tension of the spring 18. At the same time the downwardmovement of the projection removes the support from the arms 13 and 14.The arms, however, do not fall by gravity, since the magnets 5 and 6,which were energized simultaneonsl with magnet 2 hold the armatures 21an 22 in magnetic suspension. As the motor speeds up and its counterelectromotive force 1ncreases the voltage drop on the starting resistance decreases, whereby the magnets 5 and 6 are weakened. Thesemagnets are so calibrated that they will release the arms successively.As shown in Fig. 1, the arm 13 is first released, cutting out section 1of the resistance The armature-current then passes from lead throughconductor 35, clip 20, conductor 36, clip 19, thence throughswitch-blade 13, which has dropped into the clips 19, to conductor 3section 1 of the resistance, conductor 28, and terminal. 29, armature27, and back to line. The motor continuing to speed up and its counterelectromotive force increasing the voltage drop of the startingresistance further decreases, weaken ing the magnet 6 sufliciently toallow the switch arm 14 todrop 20, and thereby sliert-circuiting theresistance thIOUglLCOitdflg' t DI' 35, switch-arm'14, and conductor 38,establishing the running connections of the motor. Upon failure ofvoltage magnet 23 releases armature 11, and

the spring 18 retracts the lever 10, lifting the arms 13 and 14 out oftheir respective clips, so that the armatures 21 and 22 are againopposite the poles of the magnets 5 and 6 and the arms 13 and 14 againstthe stops 24 and 24, respectively. I

In Fig. 2 I have shown a device which is semi-automatic, a portion ofthe resistance being cut out manually, while the remainder is cut outautomatically. In this case I have shown only one magnet 39 in shuntwith the starting resistance and a single switch-arm 4Q, pivoted at 41and adagf agi; to engage the clip 42 to short-circuit t A is retained byt the starting resistance is thus cut out, the

into the clips snap.

e resistance. A,

manually-o erated arm 43 is likewisepivoted at 41 an is retracted to araisedposition by means of a spring 44. The arm 43 is locked inshort-circuited position by means of the no-voltage magnet 45, ponnectedin series with the motor-field. The arm 43 is provided with a handle 46,(see Fig. 3,) having mounted therein a spring-pressed button 47, havinga long shank 48, the extremity of whichengages with bell-crank lever 49,pivoted at to the arm 43. The arm 43 is provided with a contact spring51, engagin with the contact-segment 52, one portion 0 which, 53, is ofinsulating material. The conducting part of the ring 52 is rovided witha stop 54, which is engaged by ell-crank lever 49 to stop the arm 43 inits downward movement. In order to move the arm farther, the button 47must be ressed downward, moving the free end 0 the bell-crank outwardfrom the segment 52, so as .to clear the stop 54. The arm 43 may thencontinue its movement until its armature 55 engages the poles of themagnet 45. The mechanism just described in connection with the arm 43 isto prevent the arm from being moved by a continuous movement into ashort circuiting position. When the arm reaches the sto 54 and themotor-circuit is closed throng the segment 52', the operator must pauselong enough to push the button 43 and clar the stop 54. By this time themagnet 39 is energizedso as to suspend the arm-40, while the arm'43 ismoved downward against the tension of the s ring 44 until its armature55 e magnet 45. Section 56 of arm 43 being in contact with ring-segment57. After the motor has speeded u. the pro er amount the magnet 39 iswea ened su ciently to allow the arm 40 to drop into contact withthe-clip 42, thereby short-cirrod cuiting the resistance in a mannersimilar to I that described in connection with Fig. 1.

Upon failure of voltage the arm43 is returned.

by its spring 44, carrying with it the arm 40. In order not to damagethe contacts upon the interrupting of the circuit, I have rovided aquick-break switch consisting of t e contact 58 and a spring actuatedswitch arm 59.

The tension of the spring and the frictional contact between the arm 59and the contact 58 are so'adjusted that the circuit will not be brokenuntil the arm 43 has assed on to the insulation; The tension of t espring 60 will then cause the circuit to be broken with a From thisdescription, taken in connection with that of 1, it is thought that thedescription of this modified form will be sufliciently clear. a i

What I'claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is' 1. The combination with a motor-circuit, of astarting-switch therefor comprising a magnetically-suspended switch-armmountnections of the motor, means ed to establish the runnin'connections of the motor when released, an means dependent upon thespeed of the motor for releasing said.

p the motor for releasing said arm.

3. The combination with a motor-circuit and means for closing the same,of a starting.-

switch comprising a contact, a switch-arm arranged to fall b gravityinto engagement therewith to'esta lish running-connections of the motor,a magnet-winding adapted toretard said switch-arm, and means dependentupon the speed of the motor'for releasing said arm.

4. The combination with a motor-circuit and. means for closing the same,of a startingswitch comprising a movable switch arm adapted when movedto establish the running connections of the motor, an ried by saidswitch-arm, an electromagnet having its poles in proximity to the pathof movement of said armature whereb movement of the switch. arm is retared, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for impressing uponthe terminals of said clectromagnet a continuously-decreasingelectromotive force.

5. The combination with a motor-circuit,

of a-starting-switch therefor comprising a starting resistance, aplurality of switch-arms ada ted to successively cut out sections ofsaid resistance, means whereby said arms are sus(pended upon closing themotor-circuit, an means dependent upon the speed of the motor forreleasing said arms.

6. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch thereforcomprising a starting resistance, a plurality of switch-arms ada ted tosuccessively cut out sections of sai resistance, means whereby said armsare magnetically suspended upon closing the motor-circuit, and meansdependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said arms.

7. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch thereforcomprising a plurality of pivoted switch-arms normally supported inraised position, means for auto' matically removing said support uponclosing the motor-circuit and simultaneously producing a magneticsuspension for said arms, and means for releasing said arms.

8. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch thereforcom risinga plurality of pivoted switch-arms, means for mechanicallysupporting said arms in raised position, means for automaticall removingsaid support upon the closing 0 the motormotor-circuit, 1

armature car-.

circuit and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for saidarms, and means for releasing said arms.

9. The combination with a IIIOtOT-glliCUlli, of a starting-switchtherefor comprismg a starting resistance, a switch-arm pivoted to fallby gravity when .released to cutout a section of said resistance, meansfor suspending said arm, and means dependent upon the speed of the motorfor releasing the same.

10. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch thereforcomprisinga plurality of pivoted switch-arms, means for mechanicallysupporting said arms in raised pos1tion,-means for automaticallyremoving said support upon the closing of the motorcircuit andsimultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for said arms, and meansdeendent upon the speed of the motor for reeasing said arms.

11. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switchcomprising a resistance and contacts therefor, a plurality of pivotedswitch-arms having a bias toward engagement with said contacts, meansfor mechan-,

ically supporting said arms in raisedposition, electromagnetic means forautomatically removing said support and simultaneously producing amagnetic suspension forsaid arms,

and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said armsto successively cut out sections of said resistance.

12. A starting-switch comprising a resistance and contacts therefor, aplurality of movable contacts having a bias toward engagement with saidcontacts, a spring-returned support for said movable contacts,electromagnetic means for automatically mov ng said support against thetension of its spring and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspensionfor said movable contacts, a novoltage magnet for holding saidsupport inretracted position, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor forreleasing sa d arms to successively cut out sections of sa1d resistance.

13. A motor-starter comprising a springretracted circuit-closer, aresistance, a plurality of movable contacts adapted to gradually cut outsaid resistance and normally held in open-circuit position b thecircuit-closer, a no-voltage magnet for olding' the circuitcloser inclosed position, and magnetic means governed by the counterelectromotive force of the motor for successively releasing the movablecontacts to cut out resistance.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of July,1905.

ERNEST SOHATTNER.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN ORFORD.

lIC

